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Kowloon Walled City was a densely populated, largely ungoverned settlement in Kowloon City, Hong Kong. Originally a Chinese military fort, it became a haven for refugees and squatters after World War II and the Chinese Civil War. By the 1950s, it had developed into a lawless enclave due to jurisdictional ambiguity between Britain and China.
The city gained infamy for its extreme population density and chaotic architecture. Over 33,000 people lived within a space of about 2.6 hectares (6.4 acres), resulting in an intense labyrinth of interconnected buildings, dark alleys, and tiny apartments. It lacked proper sanitation, and illegal activities like gambling, drug trafficking, and unlicensed dentistry were commonplace. Despite this, a resilient community flourished, with schools, shops, and family-run businesses.
In 1987, the British and Chinese governments decided to demolish the Walled City. It was cleared in 1993, and today, Kowloon Walled City Park stands in its place, featuring gardens and historical artifacts to commemorate its unique history.
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